CATDOLL : CATDOLL: What is the full name of CACO?

What is the full name of CACO?

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What is cholesterol and what are the disadvantages

■ Cholesterol can be good or bad

Cholesterol is a basic lipid compound in the body. It is a component of human cell membranes, participates in the synthesis of sex hormones, and our brain cells are almost entirely made up of it. In other words, this substance is essential to our body.

Our body adds 1 gram of cholesterol every day, one-third of which we get from food, and the remaining two-thirds we synthesize ourselves. But doctors also believe that cholesterol is one of the main enemies of the heart, blood vessels and our physical health. How is this possible?

In fact, cholesterol has two sides. There is harmful, light cholesterol and good, heavy cholesterol. Good cholesterol absorbs and effectively utilizes the harmful cholesterol in the greasy food eaten by the body in the liver. Doctors know the inevitable connection between "bad" cholesterol levels and ischemic heart disease (which all experts believe is the leading cause of death).

"The cholesterol level can largely indicate dangerous vascular diseases," said Grigory Aruzynov, head of the Department of Internal Medicine at the Moscow Department of the Russian State Medical Academy. "If an 18-year-old has a cholesterol level of 12 mmol/l (the standard is 5.2 mmol/l), then it is absolutely certain that this person will have a myocardial infarction when he is 30 years old."

■What are the dangers of high cholesterol

When it flows in the blood, it is not just itself, but a large molecule combined with fat and protein. The scientific name is lipoprotein. "Bad" cholesterol is composed of low-density lipoprotein, which is easily deposited on the inner wall of blood vessels. Doctors say that yellow stripes of "bad" cholesterol can be seen on the inner wall of the blood vessels of 15-year-old boys. As cholesterol continues to accumulate, the gaps between blood vessels become narrower. If the damaged blood vessel wall becomes inflamed, the deposited cholesterol (cholesterol "washer") will be broken, and blood clots will appear at the broken part - thrombus. If there are many cholesterol "washers" in the aorta, doctors will diagnose it as atherosclerosis. In addition to high cholesterol, excess salt, smoking, and lack of exercise are also factors in the occurrence of atherosclerosis. In the worst case, the thrombus breaks away from the blood vessel wall and wanders in the blood. This wandering may cause infarction, stroke, blockage of blood vessels in the lungs and feet, and other diseases.

■How to prevent high cholesterol

The average cholesterol level in Russia is 6 mmol/l, and in the US it is 4.9 mmol/l. The body needs no more than 300 mg of cholesterol per day. We get an average of 400 mg from food. Every 100 g of sausage contains 1,114 mg of cholesterol, and every 100 g of Pacific cod contains 14 mg of cholesterol.

Limit the intake of greasy foods, especially those who are older should remember this better. Learn about the unnecessary cholesterol content in fatty meats, caviar, sausages, butter and other delicious foods or talk to your doctor. In some countries, the main food is rice and vegetables, and there is almost no atherosclerosis among the population.

"However, it is not easy to completely change eating habits." Dr. Grigory Aruzynov believes that cholesterol levels can be lowered by taking medication according to the doctor's advice.